The semiconductor and electronics industry reported constant growth from the time it came into being, approximately 40 years ago, until the economic crisis in 2009. The industry was able to cope from short term economic challenges, such as the bursti ....see more
The warehouse robotics market is expected to grow from USD 6.1 billion in 2023 to USD 10.5 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.4% during the forecast period.The key players Daifuku Co., Ltd. (Japan), KION GROUP AG (Germany), KUKA AG (Germany), ABB (Switzerland), FANUC CORPORATION (Japan), Geekplus Technology Co., Ltd. (China), GreyOrange (US), TOYOTA INDUSTRIES CORPORATION (Japan), Omron Corporation (Japan), JBT (US) and Honeywell International Inc. (US).
The global telecom power system market is expected to grow from USD 4.2 billion in 2023 to USD 6.6 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.4% during the forecast period.The key players Eaton (US), Huawei Technologies (China), Cummins (US), ZTE Corporation (China), General Electric (US), Delta Electronics, Inc. (Taiwan), and Schneider Electric (France).
The global board-to-board Connectors market size is expected to grow from USD 11.6 billion in 2023 to USD 15.4 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.8% during the forecast period.The key players Amphenol Corporation (US), TE Connectivity (Switzerland), Japan Aviation Electronics (Japan), Hirose Electric Co Ltd (Japan), Molex (US), Omron Corporation (Japan), Samtec (US), Harting Technology Group (Germany), FIT Hon Teng Limited (Taiwan), Kyocera Corporation (Japan), CSCONN Corporation (China), 3M (US), ERNI deutschland gmbh (Germany), Harwin (UK), EPT GmbH (Germany), KEL Corporation (Japan), METZ Connect (Germany), SMK Corporation (Japan), ACES Electronics (Taiwan), Airborn (US), AUK Connector (Taiwan), Rosenberger (Germany), JST Sales America (US), IRISO Electronics (Japan), Yamaichi Electronics (Japan), and Phoenix Contact (Germany) .
The augmented reality (AR) shopping market is expected to grow from USD 3.4 billion in 2023 to USD 11.6 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.0% during the forecast period.The key players PTC (US), Alphabet Inc., (US), Microsoft (US), Apple (US), Meta (US), Seiko Epson Corporation (Japan), Wikitude GmbH (Austria), Magic Leap, Inc. (US), 3D Cloud by Marxent (US), Vuzix (US), Blippar (UK).
The global digital twin market is expected to grow from USD 10.1 billion in 2023 to USD 110.1 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 61.3% during the forecast period.The key players include General Electric (US), Microsoft (US), Siemens (Germany), Amazon Web Services (US), ANSYS (US), Dassault Systèmes (France), PTC (US), Robert Bosch (Germany).
The global RF gallium nitride market is expected to grow from USD 1.3 billion in 2022 to USD 2.8 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.9% during the forecast period.The key players Sumitomo Electric Device Innovations, Inc. (Japan), Qorvo, Inc. (US), WOLFSPEED, INC. (US), NXP Semiconductors (Netherlands), MACOM (US).
The energy harvesting system market is expected to grow from USD 0.6 billion in 2023 to USD 0.9 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.0% during the forecast period.The key players STMicroelectronics (Switzerland), Texas Instruments Incorporated (US), Analog Devices, Inc. (US), Renesas Electronics Corporation (Japan), EnOcean GmbH (Germany), Microchip Technology Inc. (US), Infineon Technologies AG (Germany), Honeywell International Inc. (US), Qorvo, Inc. (US), and ABB (Switzerland).
The Robotic Vision market is expected to grow from USD 2.6 billion in 2023 to USD 4.0 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.1% during the forecast period.The key players Cognex Corporation (US), Basler AG (Germany), OMRON Corporation (Japan), National Instruments Corporation (US), Keyence Corporation (Japan), Teledyne DALSA (Canada), Sick AG (Germany), Torvidel AS (Norway), Hexagon AB (Sweden), Advantech (Taiwan), Yaskawa America, Inc. (Japan), ISRA VISION (Germany), FANUC CORPORATION (Japan), ABB (Switzerland), Qualcomm Incorporated (US).
The EUV lithography market is expected to grow from USD 9.4 billion in 2023 to USD 25.3 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.8% during the forecast period.The key players ASML (Netherlands), Carl Zeiss AG(Germany), TOPPAN Inc.(Japan), NTT Advanced Technology Corporation(Japan), KLA Corporation(US), ADVANTEST CORPORATION(Japan), Ushio Inc.(Japan), SUSS MicroTec SE(Germany), AGC Inc.(Japan), Lasertec Corporation(Japan), NuFlare Technology(Japan), Energetiq Technology Inc.(US), Photronics, Inc.(US), HOYA Corporation(Japan), TRUMPF(Germany), Rigaku Corporation(Japan), Edmund Optics Ltd.(US), Park Systems(Korea), Zygo Corporation(US), Imagine Optic(US) and Applied Materials, Inc.(US).
The infrared imaging market is expected to grow from USD 6.7 billion in 2023 to USD 9.6 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.3% during the forecast period.The key Players Teledyne FLIR LLC (US), Fluke Corporation (US), Raytheon Technologies Corporation (US), Leonardo DRS (US), Axis Communications AB (Sweden), L3Harris Technologies (US), Inc, Xenics nv (Belgium), Zhejiang Dali Technology Co., Ltd. (China), OPGAL Optronics Industries Ltd (Israel) and Allied Vision Technologies GmbH (Germany).
The global microphone market size is expected to grow from USD 2,454 million in 2023 to USD 3,526 million by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.5% during the forecast period.The key players Knowles Electronics LLC (US), Goertek (China), AAC Technologies (China), TDK Corporation (Japan), Infineon Technologies (Germany).
The Autonomous Mobile Robots Market is expected to grow from USD 1.8 billion in 2023 to USD 4.1 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 17.5% during the forecast period.The key players ABB (Switzerland), Omron Automation (US), Mobile Industrial Robots (Denmark), Fetch Robotics (US), OTTO Motors (Canada).
The parcel sortation system market is expected to grow from USD 2.0 billion in 2023 to USD 2.8 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.0 % during the forecast period.The key players Vanderlande (Netherlands), Beumer Group (Germany), Honeywell International (US), and Bastian Solutions (US), Fives (France).
The global micro battery market is expected to grow from USD 0.5 billion in 2023 to USD 1.3 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 22.4% during the forecast period.The key players Cymbet Corporation (US), Enfucell (Finland), Ultralife Corporation (US), Molex, LLC (US), Panasonic Holdings Corporation (Japan), Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (Japan), TDK Corporation (Japan), Maxell, Ltd. (Japan), VARTA AG (Germany), Renata SA (Switzerland), and Duracell Inc. (US) among others.
The global thin film and printed battery market size is expected to grow from USD 187 million in 2023 to USD 650 million by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.2% during the forecast period.The Key Players Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (South Korea), Enfucell (Finland), Molex, LLC (US), NGK Insulators, Ltd. (Japan), Ultralife Corporation (US), Jenax Inc. (South Korea), and ProLogium Technology Co., Ltd. (Taiwan).
The organic electronics market is expected to grow from USD 59.9 billion in 2023 to USD 142.1 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 18.9% during the forecast period.The key Players Merck KGaA (Germany), BASF SE (Germany), Covestro (Germany), DuPont (US), AUO Corporation (Taiwan), Sony Corporation (Japan), Samsung Display (South Korea), LG Display Co., Ltd. (South Korea), Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (Japan), Universal Display Corporation (US), Konica Minolta, Inc. (Japan), and Novaled GmbH (Germany)
The authentication and brand protection market is expected to reach USD 4.3 billion by 2028 from USD 2.9 billion in 2023, at a CAGR of 8.3 % during 2023-2028. The authentication and brand protection market is estimated to be worth USD 2.9 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 4.3 billion by 2028, at a CAGR of 8.3% during the forecast period.
The global water-based heating & cooling systems market is expected to grow from USD 37.7 billion in 2023 to USD 55.2 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.9% during the forecast period.The Key Players ignificant Tier I and II players like Daikin (Japan), Johnson Controls (US), Carrier Global Corporation (US), Trane Technologies (US), Fujitsu (Japan), and others.
The global industrial communication market is expected to grow from USD 21.9 billion in 2023 to USD 29.0 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.7% during the forecast period.The Key Players Cisco Systems, Inc. (US), Siemens (Germany), Rockwell Automation (US), OMRON Corporation (Japan), Moxa Inc. (Taiwan), Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. (China), SICK AG (Germany), Schneider Electric (France), ABB (Switzerland), Belden Inc. (US), GE (France), Advantech Co., Ltd (Taiwan), FANUC CORPORATION (Japan), Bosch Rexroth AG (Germany), AAEON Technology Inc. (Taiwan), HMS Networks (Sweden), Honeywell International Inc. (US), Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (Japan), Ericsson (Sweden), Hans Turck GmbH & Co. KG (Germany), ACS Motion Control (Israel), Eaton (Ireland), Beckhoff Automation (Germany), Hitachi, Ltd. (Japan).
The dark fiber market is expected to grow from USD 6.6 billion in 2023 to USD 11.9 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.5% during the forecast period.The Major Players AT&T (US), Verizon Communications, Inc. (US), CenturyLink (Lumen Technologies) (US) Colt Technology Services Group Limited (UK), Comcast Corporation (US), Consolidated Communications (US), Exa Infrastructure (GTT Communications, Inc.) (US), CenturyLink, Inc. (US), NTT Communications Corporation (Japan), Verizon Communications, Inc. (US), Windstream Communications (US), and Zayo Group, LLC (US).
The global machine control system market is expected to grow from USD 5.1 billion in 2023 to USD 7.3 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.4% during the forecast period.The key players include Topcon (Japan), Trimble Inc. (US), Hexagon AB (Switzerland), MOBA Mobile Automation AG (Germany), Hemisphere GNSS, Inc. (US), and EOS Positioning Systems, Inc. (US).
The piezoelectric devices market is expected to grow from USD 32.7 billion in 2023 to USD 46.0 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.0% during the forecast period. The key Players CeramTec GmbH (Germany); CTS Corporation (US); Kistler Group (Switzerland); Physik Instrumente (PI) GmbH & Co. KG. (Germany); piezosystem jena GmbH (Germany); Piezo Technologies (US); Aerotech Inc. (US); APC International, Ltd., (US); Mad City Labs, Inc. (US)
The global overall equipment effectiveness software market is expected to grow from USD 67.5 billion in 2023 to USD 122.4 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.6% during the forecast period.The Key Players Siemens (Germany), Schneider Electric (France), ABB (Switzerland), Emerson Electric, Co. (US), and Rockwell Automation (US).
The global OCXO market is expected to grow from USD 464 million in 2023 to USD 528 million by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.6% during the forecast period.The Key Players Seiko Epson Corporation (Japan), NIHON DEMPA KOGYO CO., LTD. (Japan), TXC Corporation (Taiwan), KYOCERA Crystal Device Corporation (Japan), and Daishinku Corp. (Japan).
The Far-Field Speech and Voice Recognition Market is expected to grow from USD 3.7 billion in 2023 to USD 6.9 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.1% during the forecast period.The Major Players Amazon (US), Google (US), Apple Inc. (US), and Microsoft Corporation (US).
The Commercial security system market is expected to grow from USD 236.3 billion in 2023 to USD 343.7 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.8% during the forecast period.The Key Players Johnson Controls (US), Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co., Ltd (China), Carrier (US), Honeywell International Inc. (US), Robert Bosch GmbH (Bosch Sicherheitssysteme GmbH) (Germany), Dahua Technology Inc. (China), dormakaba Group (Switzerland), ADT (US), Axis Communication AB. (Sweden), SECOM. CO. LTD, (Japan), ASSA ABLOY(Sweden), Siemens (Germany), Halma plc (US), Hochiki Corporation (Japan), Teledyne FLIR LLC(US), Allegion plc (Ireland), Nice S.p.A. (US), Alarm.com (Canada), Motorola Solutions, Inc. (Avigilon)(Canada), Dallmeier electronic (Germany), Securitas Technology (Canada), Gunnebo AB (Sweden), Control4 (US), Viking Group Inc. (US), Norden (UK), Vivint Inc (US).
The global agricultural lighting market size is expected to grow from USD 11.8 billion in 2023 to USD 21.4 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.5% during the forecast period.The Key Market Players Signify Holding (Netherlands), ams-OSRAM GmbH (Germany), Gavita International B.V. (Netherlands), Valoya (Finland), California Lightworks (US), DeLaval (Sweden), CBM Lighting (Canada), Heliospectra AB (Sweden), Hortilux Schreder (Netherlands).
The global 5G testing market is expected to grow from USD 3.5 billion in 2023 to USD 5.2 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.2% during the forecast period.The Key Players Anritsu (Japan), Keysight Technologies (US), Teradyne Inc. (US), National Instruments Corporation (US), Spirent Communications (UK).
The global Infrared detector market is expected to grow from USD 535 million in 2023 to USD 751 million by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.0% during the forecast period.The Key Players Excelitas Technologies Corp. (US), Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Japan), Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (Japan), Teledyne FLIR LLC (US), and Nippon Ceramic Co., Ltd. (Japan), Texas Instruments Incorporated (US), OMRON Corporation (Japan), InfraTec GmbH (Germany), Lynred (France), and TE Connectivity (Switzerland).
The global Time-Sensitive Networking market size is expected to grow from USD 0.2 billion in 2023 to USD 1.7 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 58.3% during the forecast period.The Key Players Belden Inc (US), Cisco Systems Inc. (US), Texas Instruments Incorporated (US), Siemens (Germany), Marvell Technology Group Ltd. (US), NXP Semiconductors N.V. (Netherlands), Microchip Technology Inc. (US), Analog Devices, Inc., (US), Broadcom Inc. (US), Renesas Electronics Corporation (US).
The next-generation solar cell market size is expected to grow from USD 3.0 billion in 2023 to USD 7.4 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 19.5% during the forecast period.The Key Players First Solar (US), Hanwha Q CELLS (South Korea), Ascent Solar Technologies (US), Oxford PV (UK), Kaneka Solar Energy (Japan), Flisom (Switzerland), Solactron (US), Mitsubishi Chemical Group (Japan), MiaSole (US), and Hanergy thin film power group (China)
The sensor fusion market value is projected to be USD 18.0 billion by 2028, growing from USD 8.0 billion in 2023, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 17.8% during the forecast period. The Key players STMicroelectronics (Switzerland), InvenSense, Inc. (US), NXP Semiconductors N.V. (Netherlands), Infineon Technologies (Germany), Bosch Sensortec GmbH (Germany), Analog Devices, Inc. (US), Renesas Electronics Corporation. (Japan), Amphenol Corporation (US), Texas Instruments (US), and Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. (US).
The quantum photonics market is expected to grow from USD 0.4 billion in 2023 to USD 3.3 billion by 2030, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 32.2% during the forecast period.The Major Players Toshiba (Japan), Xanadu (Canada), Quandela (France), ID Quantique (Switzerland), ORCA Computing (UK), and PsiQuantum (US).
The UV LED market size is expected to grow from USD 1.2 billion in 2023 to USD 2.8 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 19.7% during the forecast period.The Key Players Signify (Netherlands), Nordson Corporation (US), Seoul Viosys (South Korea), Hönle Group (Germany), ams-OSRAM AG (Austria), SemiLEDs (Taiwan), Crystal IS (US), Dowa Holdings Co., Ltd. (Japan), Nichia Corporation (Japan), and Nikkiso Co., Ltd. (Japan)
The precision livestock farming market size is expected to grow from USD 6.9 billion in 2023 to USD 11.2 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.2% during the forecast period.The major players DeLaval (Sweden), Allflex Livestock Intelligence (US), GEA Farm Technology (GEA Group) (Germany), Afimilk (Israel), and Lely International (Netherlands).
The TDLA market is expected to grow from USD 496 million in 2023 to USD 795 million by 2030, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.0% during the forecast period.Thekey Yokogawa Electric Corporation (Japan), SICK AG (Germany), ABB (Switzerland), Servomex Limited (UK), SpectraSensors (US), Emerson Electric Co. (US), and AMETEK Inc. (US) Siemens (Germany) and METTLER TOLEDO (Switzerland).
The global hygienic pumps and valves market is expected to grow from USD 2.3 billion in 2023 to USD 2.8 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.7% during the forecast period.The major players Alfa Laval (Sweden), GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft (Germany), SPX FLOW, Inc. (US), Emerson Electric Co. (US), Spirax-Sarco Engineering plc (UK), and Flowserve Corporation (US).
The global sanitary pumps and valves market is expected to grow from USD 2.1 billion in 2023 to USD 2.5 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.6% during the forecast period.The major players Alfa Laval (Sweden), Fristam Pumpen KG (GmbH & Co.) (Germany), GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft (Germany), SPX FLOW, Inc. (US), and Dover Corporation (US).
The hydrogen detection market size is expected to grow from USD 240 million in 2023 to USD 410 million by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.3 % during the forecast period.The Key players Teledyne Technologies (US), Honeywell International (US), Figaro Engineering (Japan), H2Scan Corporation (US), NevadaNano (US), Hydrogen Sense Technology(China), Membrapor (Switzerland), Makel Engineering (US).
The global volumetric video market size is expected to grow from USD 2.2 billion in 2023 to USD 7.6 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.6% during the forecast period.The Key Microsoft Corporation(US), Intel Corporation (US), Unity Technologies (US), Alphabet Inc. (US), Sony Corporation (Japan).
The global automated border control market is expected to grow from USD 2.1 billion in 2023 to USD 3.9 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.3% during the forecast period.The Major Players Vision-Box (Portugal), SITA (Netherlands), Secunet Security Networks AG (Germany), IDEMIA (France), Thales (France), NEC Corporation (Japan), Indra Sistemas, S.A. (Spain), Gunnebo AB (Sweden), and HID Global Corporation (US).
The global electronic design automation market is expected to grow from USD 14.5 billion in 2022 to USD 26.2 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.8% during the forecast period.The Key players such as Cadence Design Systems, Inc. (US), Synopsys, Inc. (US), Siemens (Germany), ANSYS, Inc. (US), Keysight Technologies, Inc. (US), Advance Micro Device Inc. (US), eInfochips (US), Altium Limited (Australia), Zuken Inc. (Japan), Silvaco, Inc. (US).
The Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Equipment market is expected to grow from USD 14.5 billion in 2023 to USD 19.7 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.3% during the forecast period.The key players such as GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft (Germany), I.M.A. INDUSTRIA MACCHINE AUTOMATICHE S.P. A (Italy), Syntegon Technology GmbH (Germany), ACG (India), and Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.(US), Körber AG (Germany), Romaco Group (Germany), Marchesini Group (Italy), MG2 s.r.l. (Italy), and Glatt GmbH (Germany).
The global automotive manufacturing equipment market is expected to grow from USD 6.7 billion in 2023 to USD 11.4 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.1% during the forecast period.The key players ABB (Switzerland), FANUC CORPORATION (Japan), KUKA AG (Germany), Yaskawa Electric Corporation (Japan), and Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd (Japan), AMADA CO., LTD. (Japan), AIDA ENGINEERING, LTD. (Japan), Dürr Group (Germany), Schuler Group (Germany), TRUMPF (Germany), Universal Robots (Denmark), Daifuku Co., Ltd. (Japan), Yamazaki Mazak Corporation (Japan).
The Haptic Technology market size is expected to grow from USD 4.2 billion in 2023 to USD 5.0 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.7% during the forecast period.The key players such as Texas Instruments Incorporated (US), Johnson Electric Holdings Limited (China), AAC Technologies (China), TDK Corporation (Japan), Microchip technologies Inc. (US), Immersion (US), Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (US), Precision Microdrives (UK), and Synaptic Incorporated (US), and ultraleap (UK).
The 3D IC and 2.5D IC packaging market size is expected to grow from USD 49.3 billion in 2023 to USD 82.0 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.7% during the forecast period. The The key players Samsung (South Korea), Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. (Taiwan), Intel Corporation (US), ASE Technology Holding Co., Ltd. (Taiwan), Amkor Technology (US), Broadcom (US), Texas Instruments Inc. (US), United Microelectronics Corporation (Taiwan), JCET Group Co., Ltd. (China) and Powertech Technology Inc. (Taiwan).
The global 3D camera market is expected to grow from USD 3.6 Billion in 2023 to USD 9.1 Billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20.3% during the forecast period.The major players FARO (US), Matterport, Inc. (US), Ricoh Co., Ltd. (Japan), Leica Geosystems AG (Switzerland), Panasonic Holdings Corporation (Japan).
The industrial agitators market is expected to grow from USD 2.6 billion in 2023 to USD 3.2 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.0 % during the forecast period.The key players such as SPX Flow, Inc. (US), Xylem Inc. (US),Ekato Group (Germany), Sulzer Ltd. (Switzerland) and NOV Inc (US).
The extended reality market Size is expected to grow from USD 40.1 billion in 2023 to USD 111.5 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 22.7% during the forecast period. The key players such as Microsoft (US), Sony Group Corporation (Japan), Meta Platforms, Inc. (US), HTC Corporation (Taiwan), Google (US), PTC Inc. (US), Seiko Epson Corporation (Japan), Apple Inc. (US), Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. (US), and Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (South Korea).
The aspherical lens market size is expected to grow from USD 9.0 billion in 2023 to USD 12.2 billion by 2028, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.2% during the forecast period.The Key players Nikon Corporation (Japan), Canon, Inc. (Japan), Panasonic Holding Corporation (Japan), HOYA (Japan), Asahi Glass (AGC) (Japan), Schott (Germany), ZEISS International (Germany), Tokai Optical (Japan), SEIKO Optical Products Co., Ltd. (Japan), and Calin Technology Co., Ltd. (Taiwan).